During the 1980s, unemployment and underemployment in some countries was as high as 90 per cent. Some countries did not 1 enough food; basic needs in housing and clothing were not 2 . Many of these countries looked to the industrial processes of the developed nations 3 solutions.
4 , problems cannot always be solved by copying the industrialized nations. Industry in the developed nations is highly automated and very 5 It provides fewer jobs than laborintensive industrial processes, and highly 6 workers are needed to 7 and repair the equipment. These workers must be trained, 8 many nations do not have the necessary training institutions. Thus, the 9 of importing industry becomes higher. Students must be sent abroad to 10 vocational and professional training. 11 just to begin training, the students must 12 learn English, French, German, or Japanese. The students then spend many years abroad, and 13 do not return home.
All nations agree that science and technology 14 be shared. The point is: countries 15 the industrial processes of the developed nations need to look carefully 16 the costs, because many of these costs are 17 . Students from these nations should 18 the problems of the industrialized countries closely. 19 care, they will take home not the problems of science and technology, 20 the benefits.
1、
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［B］ raise
［C］ produce
［D］ manufacture
2、
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［B］ met
［C］ calculated
［D］ remembered
3、
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［B］ without
［C］ as
［D］ about
4、
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［B］ Therefore
［C］ Anyway
［D］ However
5、
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［B］ mechanical
［C］ flourishing
［D］ complicated
6、
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［B］ skilled
［C］ trained
［D］ versatile
7、
（本题分值：1分）
［B］ maintain
［C］ retain
［D］ protect
8、
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［B］ so
［C］ and
［D］ yet
9、
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［B］ price
［C］ cost
［D］ value
10、
（本题分值：1分）
［B］ gain
［C］ receive
［D］ absorb
11、
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［A］ Frequently
［B］ Incidentally
［C］ Deliberately
［D］ Eventually
12、
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［A］ soon
［B］ quickly
［C］ immiediately
［D］ first
13、
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［A］ some
［B］ others
［C］ several
［D］ few
14、
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［A］ might
［B］ should
［C］ would
［D］ will
15、
（本题分值：1分）
［A］ adopting
［B］ conducting
［C］ receiving
［D］ adjusting
16、
（本题分值：1分）
［A］ to
［B］ at
［C］ on
［D］ about
17、
（本题分值：1分）
［A］ opaque
［B］ secret
［C］ sealed
［D］ hidden
18、
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［A］ tackle
［B］ learn
［C］ study
［D］ manipulate
19、
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［A］ In
［B］ Through
［C］ With
［D］ Under
20、
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A］ except
［B］ nor
［C］ or
［D］ but
三、单项选择题(每题2分，共10分)选择下列答案中正确的一个，选择您认为正确的答案
Long before Man lived on the Earth , there were fishes ,reptiles, birds, insects, and some mammals. Although some of these animals were ancestors of kinds living today ,others are now extinct, that is, they have no descendants alive now . 41)
Very occasionally the rocks show impression of skin, so that, apart from color, we can build up a reasonably accurate picture of an animal that died millions of years ago. That kind of rock in which the remains are found tells us much about the nature of the original land ,often of the plants that grew on it, and even of its climate.
42) .Nearly all of the fossils that we know were preserved in rocks formed by water action, and most of these are of animals that lived in or near water. Thus it follows that there must be many kinds of mammals, birds, and insects of which we know noting.
43) .There were also crablike creatures, whose bodies were covered with a horny substance. The body segments each had two pairs of legs, one pair for walking on the sandy bottom ,the other for swimming. The head was a kind of shield with a pair of compound eyes, often with thousands of lenses. They were usually an inch or two long but some were 2 feet.
44) .Of these, the ammonites are very interesting and important .They have a shell composed of many chambers , each representing a temporary home of the animal .As the young grew larger it grew a new chamber and sealed off the previous one .Thousands of these can be seen in the rocks on the Dorset Coast .
45) About 75 million years ago the Age of Reptiles was over and most of the groups died out .The mammals quickly developed, and we can trace the evolution of many familiar animals such as the elephant and horse . Many of the later mammals though now extinct ,were known to primitive man and were featured by him in cave paintings and on bone carvings .
41、
（本题分值：2分）
［A］The shellfish have a long history in the rock and many different kinds are known.
［B］Nevertheless , we know a great deal about many of them because their bones and shells have been preserved in the rocks as fossils ,From them we can tell their size and shape ,how they walked ,the kind of food they ate .
［C］The first animals with true backbones were the fishes ,first known in the rocks of 375 million years ago .About 300 million years ago the amphibians ,the animals able to live both on land and in water , appeared. They were giant ,sometimes 8 feet long ,and many of them lived in the swampy pools in which our coal seam ,or layer ,or formed .The amphibians gave rise to the reptiles and for nearly 150 million years these were the principal forms of life on land ,in the sea ,and in the air .
［D］The best index fossils tend to be marine creature .There animals evolved rapidly and spread over large over large areas of the world .
［E］The earliest animals whose remains have been found were all very simple kinds and lived in the sea. Later forma are more complex ,and among these are the sea-lilies , relations of the starfishes ,which had long arms and were attached by a long stalk to the sea bed ,or to rocks .
［F］When an animal dies ,the body ,its bones ,or shell ,may often be carried away by streams into lakes or the sea and there get covered up by mud .If the animal lived in the sea its body would probably sink and be covered with mud .More and more mud would fall upon it until the bones or shell become embedded and preserved .
［G］Many factors can influence how fossils are preserved in rocks .Remains of an organism may be replaced by minerals, dissolved by an acidic solution to leave only their impression, or simply reduced to a more stable form .
42、
（本题分值：2分）
［A］The shellfish have a long history in the rock and many different kinds are known.
［B］Nevertheless , we know a great deal about many of them because their bones and shells have been preserved in the rocks as fossils ,From them we can tell their size and shape ,how they walked ,the kind of food they ate .
［C］The first animals with true backbones were the fishes ,first known in the rocks of 375 million years ago .About 300 million years ago the amphibians ,the animals able to live both on land and in water , appeared. They were giant ,sometimes 8 feet long ,and many of them lived in the swampy pools in which our coal seam ,or layer ,or formed .The amphibians gave rise to the reptiles and for nearly 150 million years these were the principal forms of life on land ,in the sea ,and in the air .
［D］The best index fossils tend to be marine creature .There animals evolved rapidly and spread over large over large areas of the world .
［E］The earliest animals whose remains have been found were all very simple kinds and lived in the sea. Later forma are more complex ,and among these are the sea-lilies , relations of the starfishes ,which had long arms and were attached by a long stalk to the sea bed ,or to rocks .
［F］When an animal dies ,the body ,its bones ,or shell ,may often be carried away by streams into lakes or the sea and there get covered up by mud .If the animal lived in the sea its body would probably sink and be covered with mud .More and more mud would fall upon it until the bones or shell become embedded and preserved .
［G］Many factors can influence how fossils are preserved in rocks .Remains of an organism may be replaced by minerals, dissolved by an acidic solution to leave only their impression, or simply reduced to a more stable form .
43、
（本题分值：2分）
［A］The shellfish have a long history in the rock and many different kinds are known.
［B］Nevertheless , we know a great deal about many of them because their bones and shells have been preserved in the rocks as fossils ,From them we can tell their size and shape ,how they walked ,the kind of food they ate .
［C］The first animals with true backbones were the fishes ,first known in the rocks of 375 million years ago .About 300 million years ago the amphibians ,the animals able to live both on land and in water , appeared. They were giant ,sometimes 8 feet long ,and many of them lived in the swampy pools in which our coal seam ,or layer ,or formed .The amphibians gave rise to the reptiles and for nearly 150 million years these were the principal forms of life on land ,in the sea ,and in the air .
［D］The best index fossils tend to be marine creature .There animals evolved rapidly and spread over large over large areas of the world .
［E］The earliest animals whose remains have been found were all very simple kinds and lived in the sea. Later forma are more complex ,and among these are the sea-lilies , relations of the starfishes ,which had long arms and were attached by a long stalk to the sea bed ,or to rocks .
［F］When an animal dies ,the body ,its bones ,or shell ,may often be carried away by streams into lakes or the sea and there get covered up by mud .If the animal lived in the sea its body would probably sink and be covered with mud .More and more mud would fall upon it until the bones or shell become embedded and preserved .
［G］Many factors can influence how fossils are preserved in rocks .Remains of an organism may be replaced by minerals, dissolved by an acidic solution to leave only their impression, or simply reduced to a more stable form .
44、
（本题分值：2分）
［A］The shellfish have a long history in the rock and many different kinds are known.
［B］Nevertheless , we know a great deal about many of them because their bones and shells have been preserved in the rocks as fossils ,From them we can tell their size and shape ,how they walked ,the kind of food they ate .
［C］The first animals with true backbones were the fishes ,first known in the rocks of 375 million years ago .About 300 million years ago the amphibians ,the animals able to live both on land and in water , appeared. They were giant ,sometimes 8 feet long ,and many of them lived in the swampy pools in which our coal seam ,or layer ,or formed .The amphibians gave rise to the reptiles and for nearly 150 million years these were the principal forms of life on land ,in the sea ,and in the air .
［D］The best index fossils tend to be marine creature .There animals evolved rapidly and spread over large over large areas of the world .
［E］The earliest animals whose remains have been found were all very simple kinds and lived in the sea. Later forma are more complex ,and among these are the sea-lilies , relations of the starfishes ,which had long arms and were attached by a long stalk to the sea bed ,or to rocks .
［F］When an animal dies ,the body ,its bones ,or shell ,may often be carried away by streams into lakes or the sea and there get covered up by mud .If the animal lived in the sea its body would probably sink and be covered with mud .More and more mud would fall upon it until the bones or shell become embedded and preserved .
［G］Many factors can influence how fossils are preserved in rocks .Remains of an organism may be replaced by minerals, dissolved by an acidic solution to leave only their impression, or simply reduced to a more stable form .
45、
（本题分值：2分）
［A］The shellfish have a long history in the rock and many different kinds are known.
［B］Nevertheless , we know a great deal about many of them because their bones and shells have been preserved in the rocks as fossils ,From them we can tell their size and shape ,how they walked ,the kind of food they ate .
［C］The first animals with true backbones were the fishes ,first known in the rocks of 375 million years ago .About 300 million years ago the amphibians ,the animals able to live both on land and in water , appeared. They were giant ,sometimes 8 feet long ,and many of them lived in the swampy pools in which our coal seam ,or layer ,or formed .The amphibians gave rise to the reptiles and for nearly 150 million years these were the principal forms of life on land ,in the sea ,and in the air .
［D］The best index fossils tend to be marine creature .There animals evolved rapidly and spread over large over large areas of the world .
［E］The earliest animals whose remains have been found were all very simple kinds and lived in the sea. Later forma are more complex ,and among these are the sea-lilies , relations of the starfishes ,which had long arms and were attached by a long stalk to the sea bed ,or to rocks .
［F］When an animal dies ,the body ,its bones ,or shell ,may often be carried away by streams into lakes or the sea and there get covered up by mud .If the animal lived in the sea its body would probably sink and be covered with mud .More and more mud would fall upon it until the bones or shell become embedded and preserved .
［G］Many factors can influence how fossils are preserved in rocks .Remains of an organism may be replaced by minerals, dissolved by an acidic solution to leave only their impression, or simply reduced to a more stable form .
四、翻译题(每题2分，共10分)请将正确答案填入下面的输入框，修改无误后点“提交”
46)The main impression growing out of twelve years on the faculty of a medical school is that the No.1 health problem in the U. S. today, even more than AIDS or cancer, is that Americans dont know how to think about health and illness. Our reactions are formed on the terror level. We fear the worst, expect the worst, thus invite the worst. The result is that we are becoming a nation of weaklings and hypochondriacs (自疑有病者), a selfmedicating society incapable of distinguishing between casual, everyday symptoms and those that require professional attention.
Somewhere in our early education we become addicted to the notion that pain means sickness. 47) We fail to learn that pain is the bodys way of informing the mind that we are doing something wrong, not necessarily that something is wrong. We dont understand that pain may be telling us that we are eating too much or the wrong things; or that we are smoking too much or drinking too much; or that there is too much emotional congestion in our lives; or that we are being worn down by having to cope daily with overcrowded streets and highways, the pounding noise of garbage grinders, or the cosmic distance between the entrance to the airport and the departure gate, we get the message of pain all wrong. 48) Instead of addressing ourselves to the cause, we become pushovers for pills, driving the pain underground and inviting it to return with increased authority.
49) Early in life, too, we become seized with the bizarre idea that we are constantly assaulted by invisible monsters called germs, and that we have to be on constant alert to protect ourselves against their fury. Equal emphasis, however, is not given to the presiding fact that our bodies are superbly equipped to deal with the little demons, and that the best way of forestalling an attack is to maintain a sensible lifestyle.
The most significant single statement about health to appear in the medical journals during the past decade is by Dr. Franz Ingelfinger, the late and former editor of the New England Journal of Medicine. Ingelfinger noted that almost all illnesses are selflimiting. That is, the human body is capable of handling them without outside intervention.
50)The thrust of the article was that we need not feel we are helpless if disease tries to tear away at our bodies, and that we can have greater confidence in the reality of a healing system that is beautifully designed to meet most of its problems.And even when outside help is required, our own resources have something of value to offer in a combined strategy of treatment.
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51、
Directions:
You booked a twoweek holiday to Sydney with FlybyNight Travel. You are not happy with the holiday—the flight was delayed, the hotel was noisy, and so on.
Write to FlybyNight Travel to complain about the holiday giving details about the problems. Request some compensation or refund.
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.
Use“Li Ming”instead.You do not need to write the addrexss.
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